Which statement describes the transcriptome?

The transcriptome refers to the complete set of RNA molecules that are transcribed from the genome of a cell at a specific moment in time. This includes not only messenger RNA (mRNA) that is translated into proteins, but also non-coding RNAs (such as rRNA and tRNA) and regulatory RNAs (like microRNAs). The state of the transcriptome can vary based on different factors, including the cell type, developmental stage, and environmental conditions, reflecting the dynamic nature of gene expression.

By focusing on RNA present in the cell, the transcriptome provides critical insights into gene expression profiles, allowing researchers to understand how genes are regulated and how they contribute to cellular function. This information is crucial in various biological research contexts, including developmental biology, cancer research, and the study of metabolic pathways.