Which factor is responsible for recruiting tRNA to the small ribosomal subunit in eukaryotes?

The recruitment of tRNA to the small ribosomal subunit in eukaryotes is primarily facilitated by eIF2, which is a eukaryotic initiation factor. eIF2 plays a critical role in the initiation phase of protein synthesis by binding to the initiator tRNA (methionyl-tRNA) and forming a ternary complex with GTP. This complex is essential for the proper assembly of the ribosomal machinery and ensures that the correct tRNA is delivered to the small ribosomal subunit for the initiation of translation.

eIF2 is responsible for recognizing the start codon on the mRNA and bringing the initiator tRNA to the ribosome, which is a crucial step in accurately initiating translation. The hydrolysis of GTP associated with eIF2 also triggers conformational changes that facilitate the subsequent steps of translation initiation, ensuring that the ribosome is properly prepared for the elongation stage.

The other factors mentioned have different roles in the process. eIF1 interacts with the ribosome and helps with the scanning process to find the start codon, while eIF3 is involved in stabilizing the interaction between the small ribosomal subunit and the mRNA. GTP itself is a nucleotide that provides energy and