What are the components that cAMP responsive elements (CRE) can activate?

cAMP responsive elements (CRE) are specific DNA sequences found in the promoter regions of certain genes. When cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels increase in a cell, this triggers the activation of protein kinase A (PKA). PKA can then phosphorylate various target proteins, including transcription factors that bind to CRE. This binding facilitates transcription and increases the expression of specific genes, which are referred to as target genes.

The role of cAMP in regulating gene expression is significant because it allows cells to respond dynamically to various signals and environmental changes. Therefore, the components that CRE can activate are the specific genes whose expression is regulated by the signaling pathways involving cAMP.